Main menu
DIRECTORIES
Research output keywords

ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY

 A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z
Cleary, S., Silal, S., Birch, S., Carrara, H., Pillay-van Wyk, V., Rehle, T. & Schneider, H. (2011) Equity in the use of antiretroviral treatment in the public health care system in urban South Africa. Health Policy. 99:261-266.
Objectives: The scaling up of antiretroviral treatment (ART) for HIV-infected adults requires a sizeable investment of resources in the South African public health care system. It is important that these resources are used productively and in ways that reach those in need, irrespective of social status or personal characteristics. In this study we evaluate whether the distribution of ART servic...
Dewing, S., Mathews, C., Cloete, A., Schaay, N., Louw, J. & Simbayi, L. (2011) "It's important to take your medication everyday okay?": an evaluation of counselling for ARV adherence support in the Western Cape. (Poster presented at the MRC Research Day).
  Download full text
Dewing, S., Mathews, C., Schaay, N., Cloete, A., Louw, J. & Simbayi, L. (2011) Behaviour change counselling for ARV adherence support within primary health care facilities in the Western Cape, South Africa. AIDS and Behavior. October:Online.
Health care systems have been described as ideal settings for behaviour change counselling interventions. There is little research evaluating the feasibility of implementing such interventions in routine practice in primary care facilities. We implemented an intervention called Options for Health within routine adherence counselling practice in 20 antiretroviral facilities in Cape Town, South ...
Hongoro, C. & Dayal, H. (2009) Antiretroviral uptake: shifting away from emergency mode: from access to adherence. HSRC Review. 7(4):6-7.
As efforts are implemented to improve the provision of antiretroviral therapy (ART) to people with HIV and AIDS, factors influencing adherence to the drugs (ARVs) play a crucial role in improving health and preventing resistance to ARVs. Charles Hongoro and Harsha Dayal share a study on factors that influence the correct and consistent use of ARVs in urban and resource-poor areas.
Johnson, L.F., Hallett, T.B., Rehle, T.M. & Dorrington, R.E. (2012) The effect of changes in condom usage and antiretroviral treatment coverage on human immunodeficiency virus incidence in South Africa: a model-based analysis. Journal of the Royal Society Interface. Online:January.
This study aims to assess trends in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) incidence in South Africa, and to assess the extent to which prevention and treatment programmes have reduced HIV incidence. Two models of the South African HIV epidemic, the STI (sexually transmitted infection) HIV Interaction model and the ASSA2003 AIDS and Demographic model, were adapted. Both models were fitted to age-sp...
Makoae, M.G. (2009) The phenomenology of bodily care: caregivers' experiences with AIDS patients before antiretroviral therapies in Lesotho. African Journal of AIDS Research. 8(1):17-27.
This study provides an account of caregivers' experiences with the bodily care of AIDS patients before antiretroviral therapies were available in the public health sector in Lesotho. It describes the mechanisms through which the body may become a stressor in caregiving. The phenomenological method, guided by the notion of epoche, was used to understand caregiving experiences from the perspectiv...
McGrath, N., Richter, L. & Newell, M-L. (2011) Design and methods of a longitudinal study investigating the impact of antiretroviral treatment on the partnerships and sexual behaviour of HIV-infected individuals in rural KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. BMC Public Health. 11:121.
Diagnosed HIV-infected people form an increasingly large sub-population in South Africa, one that will continue to grow with widely promoted HIV testing and greater availability of antiretroviral therapy (ART). For HIV prevention and support, understanding the impact of long-term ART on family and sexual relationships is a health research priority. This includes improving the availability of lo...
Mlambo, M. & Peltzer, K. (2011) HIV sero-status disclosure and sexual behaviour among HIV positive patients who are on antiretroviral treatment (ART) in Mpumalanga, South Africa. Journal of Human Ecology. 35(1):29-41.
The aim of this study was to assess with a narrative interview HIV sero-status disclosure and sexual behaviour pattern among 90 purposeful selected antiretroviral treatment (ART) patients in a public hospital in Mpumalanga province, South Africa. Results indicate that participants were either in sero-concordant (21%), sero-discordant (13%) or in relationships with a partner of unknown HIV statu...
Peltzer, K. (2012) Health-related quality of life and antiretroviral therapy in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Social Behavior and Personality. 40(2):267-282.
In studies conducted with African and Asian cohorts researchers have shown the clinical efficacy of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in resource-limited settings. However, studies on the longer term changes in health-related quality of life (HRQoL) with patients receiving ART in these settings are still scarce. The aim in this study was to assess HIV patients' HRQoL, clinical, psychosocial, and soc...
Peltzer, K. (2011) Adherence to antiretroviral therapy in low socioeconomic status community sample. Journal of Psychology in Africa. 21(2):287-292.
The study reports on antiretroviral treatment adherence in a KwaZulu-Natal sample with a follow-up period of 20 months. Participants were 498 predominantly Black females living with HIV and AIDS. Four-hundred and ninety-six of the participants (91.6%) were found to be adherent and 42 (8.4%) as non-adherent patients. Self-report data on adherence were collected. The results suggested that adher...
Peltzer, K., Friend-du Preez, N., Ramlagan, S., Fomundam, H., Anderson, J. & Chanetsa, L. (2011) Antiretrovirals and the use of traditional, complementary and alternative medicine by HIV patients in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa: a longitudinal study. African Journal of Traditional, Complementary and Alternative Medicines. 8(4):337-345.
The aim of this prospective study (20 months) was to assess HIV patients' use of Traditional, Complementary and Alternative Medicine (TCAM) and its effect on ARV adherence at three public hospitals in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Seven hundred and thirty-five (29.8% male and 70.2% female) patients who consecutively attended three HIV clinics completed assessments prior to ARV initiation, 519...
Peltzer, K., Sikwane, E. & Majaja, M. (2011) Factors associated with short-course antiretroviral prophylaxis (dual therapy) adherence for PMTCT in Nkangala district, South Africa. Acta Paediatrica. February:Online.
Aim: To identify factors that influence adherence to short-course antiretroviral (ARV) prophylaxis by pregnant women and mothers participating in the HIV prevention of mother to child (PMTCT) programme. Methods: The sample interviewed included 139 HIV-positive antenatal women 5 (mean gestational age 32 weeks; STD = 2.8, range 4-9 months) and 607 postnatal HIV-positive women, with either having...
Peltzer, K. (2011) Health related quality of life and antiretroviral treatment in patients over a period of 20 months in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. (Paper presented at the 43rd Asia-Pacific Academic Consortium for Public Health Conference, Seoul, South Korea, 20-22 October).
  Download full text
Peltzer, K. (2011) Health related quality of life and antiretroviral treatment in patients over a period of 20 months in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. (Paper presented at the 43rd Asia-Pacific Academic Consortium for Public Health Conference, Seoul, South Korea, 20-22 October).
  Download full text
Peltzer, K. & Ramlagan, S. (2011) Perceived stigma among patients receiving antiretroviral therapy: a prospective study in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. AIDS Care. 23(1):60-68.
The aim of this study is to examine whether internalized AIDS stigma among HIV patients one year after antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation is associated with sociodemographic characteristics, health status, social support, quality of life (QoL), and ARV adherence. This is a prospective study of all treatment-naive patients (N=735) recruited from all three public hospitals in Uthukela health...
Peltzer, K. (2011) Sexual dissatisfaction and associated factors in a sample of patients on antiretroviral treatment in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. South African Journal of Psychiatry. 17(3):2-7.
Sexual expression affects physical, mental and social well-being. There is a lack of understanding on sexual dissatisfaction among patients on antiretroviral treatment in Africa. Using systematic sampling, HIV-positive patients were selected from outpatient departments from three hospitals before commencing antiretroviral therapy (ART), followed up for 20 months (N=495) and interviewed with a q...
Peltzer, K. (2011) Spirituality and religion in antiretroviral therapy (ART) in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa: a longitudinal study. Journal of Psychology in Africa. 21(3):361-370.
This study assesses the effects of spirituality and religion in health outcomes of patients on ART in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Participants were 735 patients who attended three HIV clinics for ART over a period of 20 months as follows: 519 after 6 months on antiretroviral therapy (ART), 557 after 12 and 499 after 20 months on ART. They completed the Duke Religion Index each visit. Factors a...
Peltzer, K., Friend-du Preez, N., Ramlagan, S. & Anderson, J. (2010) Antiretroviral treatment adherence among HIV patients in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. BMC Public Health. 10 (1):111.
Background: Successful antiretroviral treatment is dependent on sustaining high rates of adherence. In the southern African context, only a handful of studies (both quantitative and qualitative) have looked at the determinants including a health behaviour theory of adherence to antiretroviral therapy. The aim of this study is to assess factors including the information, motivation and behaviou...
Peltzer, K., Mlambo, M., Phaswana-Mafuya, N. & Ladzani, R. (2010) Determinants of adherence to a single-dose nevirapine regimen for the Prevention of Mother-to-Child HIV Transmission in Gert Sibande district in South Africa. Acta Paediatrica. 99:699-704.
Aim: To identify factors that influence adherence to antiretroviral (ARV) prophylaxis by HIV positive mothers participating in the HIV prevention of mother to child (PMTCT) programme. Methods: Post-delivery 815 HIV-infected mothers aged 18 years and above with babies aged 3-6 months were interviewed in Gert Sibande District, Mpumalanga province, South Africa. Results: Eighty five percent of t...
Peltzer, K. & Ramlagan, S. (2010) Safer sexual behaviours after 1 year of antiretroviral treatment in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa: a prospective cohort study. Sexual Health. 7:135-141.
Abstract. Background: As antiretroviral treatment (ART) becomes more widely available in low and middle income countries, the relationship between treatment and sexual risk behaviour in these countries has also become more important. Methods: This is a prospective study of all treatment-naive patients (n = 735) recruited from all three public hospitals in Uthukela health district in KwaZulu-Nat...
Peltzer, K., Friend-du Preez, N., Ramlagan, S., Fomundam, H. & Anderson, J. (2010) Traditional complementary and alternative medicine and antiretroviral treatment adherence among HIV patients in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. African Journal of Traditional, Complementary and Alternative Medicines. 7(2):125-137.
Adherence to antiretroviral medication in the treatment of HIV is critical, both to maximize efficacy and to minimize the emergence of drug resistance. The aim of this prospective study in three public hospitals in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, is to assess the use of Traditional Complementary and Alternative Medicine (TCAM) by HIV patients and its effect on antiretroviral (ARV) adherence 6 mont...
Peltzer, K., Friend-du Preez, N., Ramlagan, S. & Anderson, J. (2010) The who & why of antiretroviral treatment adherence. HSRC Review. 8(2):14-15.
Successful antiretroviral (ARV) treatment depends on whether patients take their medication consistently and over a long period. This means taking the correct dosage, on time and in the correct way - either with or without food. KARL PELTZER et al. looked at which patients unfailingly take their medication and why.
Peltzer, K., Ramlagan, S., Friend-du Preez, N. & Fomundam, H. (2009) Traditional complementary and alternative medicine and antiretroviral treatment adherence among HIV patients in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. (Paper presented at the 3rd Interest Workshop, Lusaka, Zambia, 26-29 May).
Peltzer, K., Friend-du Preez, N., Ramlagan, S. & Fomundam, H. (2008) Use of traditional complementary and alternative medicine for HIV patients in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. BMC Public Health. 8(1):255.
Background: Traditional medicine use has been reported is common among individuals with moderate and advanced HIV disease. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to assess the use of Traditional Complementary and Alternative Medicine (TCAM) for HIV patients prior to initiating antiretroviral therapy in three public hospitals in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Methods: Using systematic sampling...
Phakathi, Z., Van Rooyen, H., Fritz, K. & Richter, L. (2011) The influence of antiretroviral treatment on willingness to test: a qualitative study in rural KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. African Journal of AIDS Research. 10:173-180.
Previous quantitative studies suggest a mutually reinforcing relationship between HIV counselling and testing (HCT) and antiretroviral treatment (ART). HCT is the entry into ART, and access to ART appears to increase HIV-testing uptake in settings with historically low uptake. Adopting a qualitative approach, this study examined the influence of ART on willingness to test for HIV, in a rural co...
Rehle, T. & Shisana, O. (2005) The impact of antiretroviral treatment on AIDS mortality: a study focusing on educators in South African public schools. Cape Town: HSRC Press.
One of the key determinants for the loss of public educators in South Africa is mortality due to AIDS. This report presents an estimate of the number of educators who died from AIDS in 2004, including the projected distribution of AIDS deaths by age group. While antiretroviral treatment cannot avert AIDS deaths entirely, it can delay AIDS-related mortality. This report estimates the extent ...
Rehle, T.M., Hallett, T.B., Shisana, O., Pillay-van Wyk, V., Zuma, K., Carrara, H. & Jooste, S. (2010) A decline in new HIV infections in South Africa: estimating HIV incidence from three national HIV surveys in 2002, 2005 and 2008. PLoS One. 5(6):Online.
Background: Three national HIV household surveys were conducted in South Africa, in 2002, 2005 and 2008. A novelty of the 2008 survey was the addition of serological testing to ascertain antiretroviral treatment (ART) use. Methods and Principal Findings: We used a validated mathematical method to estimate the rate of new HIV infections (HIV incidence) in South Africa using nationally represe...
  Download full text
Rehle, T.M. & Shisana, O. (2005) Estimates of eligibility for antiretroviral treatment (ART) and projected ART impact on AIDS mortality among South African educators. Sahara J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS. 2(3):304-310.
This study assessed the proportion of HIV-infected educators that need antiretroviral treatment (ART) according to the current criteria and estimated the impact of ART on AIDS mortality by modelling scenarios with and without access to ART. Specimens for HIV testing were obtained from educators and a sub-sample of venous blood specimens from HIV-positive educators was selected for analysis.
Rollins, N., Mzolo, S., Moodley, T., Esterhuizen, T. & Van Rooyen, H. (2009) Universal HIV testing of infants at immunization clinics: an acceptable and feasible approach for early infant diagnosis in high HIV prevalence settings. AIDS. 23(14):1851-1857.
Objective: To determine the acceptability and feasibility of universal HIV testing of 6-week-old infants attending immunization clinics to achieve early diagnosis of HIV and referral for HIV treatment and care services. Design: An observational cohort with intervention. Methods: Routine HIV testing of infants was offered to all mothers bringing infants for immunizations at three clinics in Kw...
Schaaf, H.S., Willemse, M., Cilliers, K., Labadarios, D., Maritz, J.S., Hussey, G.D., McIlleron, H., Smith, P. & Donald, P.R. (2009) Rifampin pharmacokinetics in children, with and without human immunodefiency virus infection, hospitalized for the management of severe forms of tuberculosis. BMC Medicine. 7:Online.
BackgroundRifampin is a key drug in antituberculosis chemotherapy because it rapidly kills the majority of bacilli in tuberculosis lesions, prevents relapse and thus enables 6-month short-course chemotherapy. Little is known about the pharmacokinetics of rifampin in children. The objective of this study was to evaluate the pharmacokinetics of rifampin in children with tuberculosis, both human i...
Swartz, L., Brandt, R., Dawes, A., Bray, R., Mthembu-Salter, L. & Tomlinson, M. (2005) An exploratory study of the impact of primary caregiver HIV infection on caregiving and child developmental outcome in the era of Haart: piloting the methodology. (Report for the Organization for Social Science Research in Eastern and Southern Africa (OSSREA): HIV/AIDS Challenge for Africa research programme, May).
The study's primary objective is to pilot the methodology for research into the effects of primary caregivers? HIV infection on child-care and child development in households. Five HIV positive women on antiretroviral therapy, who were the primary caregiver of an HIV negative child less than six years old, were administered a questionnaire and semi structured interview. The children underwent a...
  Download full text
Zungu, L.I., Abu, U.O., Ogunbanjo, G.O. & Setswe, G.K. (2009) Utilisation of the national antiretroviral therapy guidelines among health care professionals working in Abuja treatment centres, Nigeria. African Journal of Primary Health Care & Family Medicine. 1(1):Online.
Access to and utilisations of the National Antiretroviral Treatment Guidelines (NATG) are valuable factors for effective programme implementation. The objective of this study was to treatment centres in Abuja, Nigeria. A quantitative cross-sectional descriptive survey was conducted in 2007 using purposively sampled health care professionals. Questionnaires were self-administered to participants...