INFANTS

Anderson, B.A., Romani, J.H., Phillips, H.E. & van Zyl, J.A. (2000) Safe water, access to health care and other factors affecting infant and child survival under African and coloured populations in South Africa. (Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Population Association of America, Los Angeles 24 March 2000).

Faber, M., Kvalsvig, J., Lombard, C.J. & Spinnler Benade, A.J. (2004) The effect of a low-cost micro-nutrient fortified cereal on the nutritional status of infants. (Commissioned by the Thrasher Research Fund, February).

The aim of the study was to determine the effect of a low-cost fortified cereal on the nutritional status, growth, morbidity and development of infants in a rural South African community.

Fall, C.H.D., Borja, J.B., Osmond, C., Richter, L., Bhargava, S.K., Martorell, R., Stein, A.D., Barros, F.C., Victora, C.G. & Cohorts Group, (2011) Infant-feeding patterns and cardiovascular risk factors in young adulthood: data from five cohorts in low- and middle-income countries. International Journal of Epidemiology. 40:47-62.

Infant-feeding patterns may influence lifelong health. This study tested the hypothesis that longer duration of breastfeeding and later introduction of complementary foods in infancy are associated with reduced adult cardiovascular risk. Methods Data were pooled from 10 912 subjects in the age range of 15-41 years from five prospective birth-cohort studies in low-/middle-income countries (Braz...

Griesel, R.D. & Richter, L.M. (2006) Undernutrition, brain growth and intellectual development. South African medical journal. 96(9):862-864.

Jones, L.L., Griffiths, P.L., Adair, L.S., Norris, S.A., Richter, L.M. & Cameron, N. (2008) A comparison of the socio-economic determinants of growth retardation in South African and Filipino infants. Public Health Nutrition. 11(12):1220-1228.

Objective: To examine the association between household socio-economic status (SES) at birth and poor infant growth such as small for gestational age (SGA) and stunting across two different socio-cultural settings: South Africa and the Philippines. Design: Data were from two longitudinal birth cohorts, the Birth to Twenty (Bt20) study in South Africa and the Cebu Longitudinal Health and Nutrit...

Ladzani, R., Peltzer, K., Mlambo, M.G. & Phaweni, K. (2010) Infant-feeding practices and associated factors of HIV-positive mothers at Gert Sibande, South Africa. Acta Paediatrica. November:Online.

To assess knowledge, infant-feeding education and practices, factors that affect choice of infant feeding option, determinants of mixed feeding, psychosocial challenges and attitudes of HIV-positive women with infants between ages 3-6 months who attended prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV services in Gert Sibande district. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 815 ...

Nama, N. & Swartz, L.P. (2002) Ethical and social dilemmas in community-based controlled trials in situations of poverty: a view from a South African project. Journal of community and applied social psychology. 12(4):286-297.

Peltzer, K., Mlambo, M., Matseke, G., Shikwane, E., Louw, J. & Kekana, Q. (2011) Report on PMTCT comprehensive community intervention package including male involvement, infant follow-up, peer support, partner violence and infant feeding in Nkangala district, Mpumalanga province. (Commissioned by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), December).

With around 2.7 million people becoming infected with HIV in 2010, there are now an estimated 34 million people around the world who are living with HIV, including millions who have developed AIDS (UNAIDS, 2011). Studies have shown that there is much that can be done to reduce AIDS impact beginning with the transmission of HIV (UNAIDS, 2011). In 2010, around 390,000 children under the age of 1...

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Peltzer, K. & Mlambo, G. (2010) Factors determining HIV viral testing of infants in the context of Mother-to-Child Transmission. Acta Paediatrica. 99:590-596.

The aim of this study was to investigate factors determining HIV viral testing of infants in the context of Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV (PMTCT). Methods: Post-delivery HIV infected mothers 18 years and above with babies aged 3-6 months were interviewed on HIV viral testing of infants and factors associated with it. Results: Among 311 HIV infected women 61.7% had their i...

Peltzer, K. & Ajegbomogun, B. (2005) Utilisation of antenatal care in a Nigerian teaching hospital. African journal of reproductive health. 9(3):159-161.

Richter, L., Stein, A., Cluver, L. & De Kadt, J. (2009) Infants and young children affected by HIV/AIDS. In: Rohleder, P., Swartz, L., Kalichman, S.C. & Simbayi, L.C. (eds). HIV/AIDS in South Africa 25 years on: psychosocial perspectives. New York: Springer. 69-88.

The gains made in international advocacy for children and families affected by HIV and AIDS still need to be achieved in South Africa. The gains made in advocacy also still need to be matched by knowledge, funding and the implementation and scale up of prevention, treatment and care for children affected by HIV and AIDS.

Richter, L. (2004) The impact of the HIV/AIDS epidemic on infants and children in South Africa. (Paper presented at the World Association of Infant Mental Health, Melbourne, Australia, 25-27 July).

Richter, L. (2004) The importance of caregiver-child interactions for the survival and healthy development of young children: a review. Geneva: World Health Organization.

Nearly 11 million children died before reaching their fifth birthday in the past year. Almost 40% of these children die within the first month of life. Millions of children survive but face diminished lives, unable to develop to their full potential. Poor nutrition and frequent bouts of illness limit the young child's opportunities to explore the world during a critical period for learning basi...

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Richter, L.M. (2004) Poverty, underdevelopment, and infant mental health. Infant mental health journal. 25(5):440-452.

Richter, L.M. (2004) Strengthening infants and children: South African perspectives. The Signal. 12:9-13.

Richter, L.M. (2003) Baby rape in South Africa. Child abuse review. 12:392-400.

In south Africa the rape of infants and toddlers occurs at allow but consistent level. Attempts to explain the rape of infants and toddlers include the socialization influences of men of the country's violent apartheid past, as well as virgin cleansing myths which have arisen in the context of the country's rampant HIV/AIDS epidemic. Added to this is an uneven child rights environment and a p...

Richter, L.M. (2003) Poverty, underdevelopment and infant mental health. Journal of paediatrics and child health. 39 (4):243-248.

An argument is made for the critical importance of considering and addressing psychological factors in care givers and children in conditions of extreme material need. An example is provided of a simple intervention model based on sound developmental principles that can be implemented by trainee non-professionals ion conditions of poverty and underdevelopment.

Richter, L.M. (2002) Caring for small children: mutual mental health for caregiver children. Women's health project review. 42:25-27.

Richter, L.M. (2002) Clinical perspectives: strengthening infants and children: South African perspectives. Southern African journal of child and adolescent mental health. 14(2):128-134.

Rollins, N., Mzolo, S., Moodley, T., Esterhuizen, T. & Van Rooyen, H. (2009) Universal HIV testing of infants at immunization clinics: an acceptable and feasible approach for early infant diagnosis in high HIV prevalence settings. AIDS. 23(14):1851-1857.

Objective: To determine the acceptability and feasibility of universal HIV testing of 6-week-old infants attending immunization clinics to achieve early diagnosis of HIV and referral for HIV treatment and care services. Design: An observational cohort with intervention. Methods: Routine HIV testing of infants was offered to all mothers bringing infants for immunizations at three clinics in Kw...

Stein, A., Krebs, G., Richter, L., Tomkins, A., Roschat, T. & Bennish, M.L. (2005) Babies of a pandemic: infant development and maternal HIV. Archives of disease of childhood. 90:116-118.

Tomlinson, M., Swartz, L. & Landman, M. (2003) The Hanover Park mother-infant project: methodological challenges and compromises in a South African context. South African journal of psychology. 33 (4):205-211.

Tomlinson, M. & Swartz, L. (2003) Imbalances in the knowledge about infancy: the divide between rich and poor countries. Infant mental health journal. 24(6):547-556.

Over 90% of the world's infants are born in low-income or "developing" countries, and these countries bear a disproportionate burden in terms of health and social problems. In this article we compare the contributions of richer and poorer countries to knowledge about infancy. We surveyed articles on infancy from 12 international journals dealing with psychological aspects of childhood and inf...

Tomlinson, M. & Swartz, L. (2003) Representing infancy across the world: does Osama bin Laden love his children?. Culture & psychology. 9 (4):487-497.

Over 90 % of infants are born in the world live in low-income countries, but most scholarly knowledge about infancy is produced in wealthy countries. We therefore need far more information on infancy throughout the world. There are logistical and cultural difficulties associated with gaining this information, but in this article we focus on the broader ideological context of knowledge product...